Wednesday 16 November 2011

UNIT_II - Projection of Points & Lines


UNIT_II
PROJECTION OF POINTS:
1. Draw the projections of the following points on the same line, keeping the Projectors 20mm apart.
(a) Point C, in V.P. and 40mm above H.P. 
(b) Point D, 25mm below the H.P. and 25mm behind the V.P.
(c) Point E, 15mm above H.P. and 50mm behind V.P.
(d) Point F, 40mm below H.P. and 25mm in front of V.P.

2.   (a) A point A is 2.5 cm above the H.P. and 3 cm in front of the V.P. Draw its Projections.
(b) A point A is 2 cm below the H.P. and 4 cm behind the V.P. Draw its Projections.

3.   (a) A point P is 15mm above the H.P. and 20mm in front of the V.P. Another point Q is 25mm behind the V.P. and 40mm below the H.P. Draw projections of P and Q keeping the distance between their projectors equal to 90mm.Draw straight lines joining i. their top views and ii. their front views.
(b) A point 30mm above XY line is the plan view of two points P and Q. the elevation of P is 45mm above the H.P. while that of the point Q is 35mm below the H.P. Draw the projections of the points and state their position with reference to the principal planes and the quadrant in which they lie.

4.   Two points P and Q are in the H.P. The point P is 30 mm in front of V.P. and Q is behind the V.P. The distance between their projectors is 80 mm and line joining their top views makes an angle of 400 with XY. Find the distance of the point Q from the V.P.

5.   (a) A point A is 20mm above H.P. and in I quadrant. Its shortest distance from the reference line XY is 40mm. Draw the projections of the point and determine its distance from V.P.
(b) A point at 25mm above the reference line XY is the front view of two points A and B. The top view of A is 40mm behind V.P and the top view of B is 50mm in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the points and state their positions relative to the planes of projection and the quadrants in which they lie.

6.   A point P is 20mm below HP and lies in III quadrant. Its shortest distance from xy is 40mm. Draw its projections.

7.  (a) Draw the projections of the following points on the same ground line, keeping the Projectors 25mm apart.     (i). A, in the H.P. and 20 mm behind the V.P.
(ii). B, 40mm above the H.P. and 25mm in front of the V.P.
(b) State the quadrants with the help of drawing, in which the following points are situated
                         i.      A point P; its top view is 40mm above xy; the front view 20 mm below the top view.
                        ii.      A point Q; its projections coincide with each other 40mm below xy.

8.  (a) The point A is on H.P. and 40mm in front of V.P. Another point B is on V.P. and below H.P. The line joining their front views makes an angle of 450 with x y, while the line joining their top views makes an angle of 300. Find the distance of the point B from H.P.
(b) Draw the projections of the following points in III quadrant when the
                 i. Point A lies in the H.P. and 22mm away from V.P. 
                ii. Point B lies in V.P. and 32mm away from H.P.
               iii   Point C lies 32mm from H.P. and 22mm from V.P.
9.  (a) A point P is 15mm above the H.P. and 20mm in front of the V.P. Another point Q is 25mm behind the V.P. and 40mm below the H.P. Draw projections of P and Q keeping the distance between their projectors equal to 90mm. Draw straight lines joining i. their top views and ii. their front views.
(b) A point 30mm above xy line is the plan view of two points P and Q. the elevation of P is 45mm above the H.P. while that of the point Q is 35mm below the H.P. Draw the projections of the points and state their position with reference to the principal planes and the quadrant in which they lie.

10. (a) Two points A and B are on H.P; the point  A being 30mm in front of V.P., while B is 45mm behind V.P. The line joining their top views makes an angle of 450 with xy. Find the horizontal distance between two points.
(b) Find the distance between two points A and B when B is 40mm in front of V.P. and 25mm above H.P. The point A is 25mm behind the V.P. and 40mm below H.P. The distance between projectors measured along xy line being 40mm.

11.(a) Draw the projectors of the following points in different quadrants.
                  i.      Point A, 25mm in front of V.P., 30mm above H.P
                 ii.      Point B, 22mm behind V.P., 28mm above H.P.
                iii.      Point C, 28mm behind V.P., 30mm below H.P 
                 iv.      Point D, 40mm in front of V.P., 25mm below H.P
(b) A point P is 25mm in front of the V.P. and 40 mm above the H.P. Another point Q is 40mm in front of the V.P. and 25mm above the H.P. The distance measured between the projectors is 40mm. Draw the projections and find the distance between P and Q.

PROJECTION OF LINES:
1. (a) A line CD measures 80mm is inclined at an angle of 300 to HP and 450 to VP. The point C is 20mm above HP and 30mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of the line.
(b) Draw the projections of a line JK 70 mm long and touching both HP and VP. It is inclined at 400 to HP and 350 to VP.

2.  A line AB is 30 mm long and inclined at 300 to VP and parallel to HP. The end A of the line is 15 mm above HP and 20mm in front of VP. Draw the projections.

3.  (a) A line CD is parallel to VP and inclined at 400 to HP. C is in HP and 25 mm in front of VP. The length of the top view is 50mm. Determine its true length.
(b) A line measuring 80 mm long has one of its ends 60mm above HP and 20mm in front of VP. The other end is 15 mm above HP and in front of VP. The front view of the line is 60 mm long. Draw the top view.

4.  (a) A line AB 25mm long is perpendicular to V.P. and parallel to H.P. Its end A is 10mm in front of V.P. and the line is 20mm above H.P. Draw the projections of the line.
(b) A line MN 50mm long is parallel to V.P. and inclined at 300 to H.P. The end M is 20mm above H.P. and 10mm in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the line.

5.  (a) A line AB, 65 mm long has its end A in the H.P. and 15 mm in front of the V.P. The end B is in III quadrant. The line is inclined at 300 to the H.P. and at 600 to the V.P. Draw its projections.
(b) A line PQ 75 mm long has its end P in both HP and VP. It is inclined at an angle of 300 to HP and 450 to VP. Draw projections of the line.

6. The distance between the projectors of two points A and B is 70 mm. Point A is 10 mm above HP and 15 mm in front of VP. Point B is 50 mm above HP and 40 mm in front of VP. Find the shortest distance between A and B. Measure true inclination of the line AB with HP and VP.

7. (a) The line EF 60 mm long is in VP and inclined to HP. The top view measures 45 mm. The end E is 15 mm above HP. Draw the projections of the line. Find it inclination with HP.
(b) A line AB 60mm long is parallel to HP. The point P is 20mm above HP and 35 mm in front of VP. The length of the front view is 50mm. Determine its true inclination with VP.

8. (a) The length of the top view of a line MN parallel to VP and inclined at 450 to the HP is 50 mm. Point M is 12 mm above HP and 25 mm in front of VP. Draw the projection of the line. Find the true length.
(b) A line GH 45 mm long is in HP and inclined to VP. The end G is 15 mm in front of VP. The length of front view is 35 mm. Draw the projections of the line. Find its inclination with VP.
9.  A 90 mm long line is parallel to and 25 mm in front of V.P. Its one end is in the H.P. while other end is 50 mm above the H.P. Draw the projections of the line and find its inclination with H.P.

10. The length of the top view of a line is 40mm and the length of the front view is 50mm, the top view is inclined at 300 to xy. Draw the projections of the line, assuming that its one end is situated on H.P. and 25mm in front of V.P. Determine the inclinations of the line with H.P and V.P.

11. (a) Draw the projection of a line CD 50 mm long, parallel to HP and inclined to VP. The end of C is 10 mm in front of VP and D is 30 mm in front of VP. The line is 15 mm above HP.
(b) A line AB is 75 mm long. A is 50 mm in front of VP and 15 mm above HP. B is 15mm in front of VP and is above HP. Top view of AB is 50mm long. Draw and measure the front view. Find the true inclinations.

12. (a) A line PQ, 9cm long, is in the H.P. and makes an angle of 300 with the V.P. Its end P is 2.5cm in front of the V.P. Draw its projections.
(b) The front view of a 7.5cm long line measures 5.5cm. The line is parallel to the H.P. and one of its end is in the V.P. and 2.5cm above the H.P. Draw the projections of the line and determine its inclination with V.P. 

13. Two pegs fixed on a wall are 4.5metres apart. The distance between the pegs measured parallel to the floor is 3.6 meters. If one peg is 1.5 meters above the floor, find the height of the second peg and the inclination of the line joining the two pegs, with the floor.

14. A 100 mm long line is parallel to and 40 mm above the H.P. Its two ends are 25 mm and 50 mm in front of the V.P. respectively. Draw the projections of the line and determine its inclination with the V.P.

15. A line AB, 50mm long, has its end A in both the H.P. and the V.P. Its is inclined at 300 to the H.P and at 450 to the V.P. Draw its projections.

16. (a) The top view of a 75 mm long line measures 55 mm. The line is in the V.P., its one end being 25 mm above H.P. Draw its projections.
 (b) The front view of a line, inclined at 300 to the V.P. is 65 mm long. Draw the projection of the line, when it is parallel to and 40 mm above the V.P., its one end being 30mm in front of the V.P.

17. Draw the projections of a 75 mm long straight line, in the following positions:
a.        Parallel to both the H.P. and the V.P. and 25 mm from each.
b.       parallel to 30 mm above H.P. and in the V.P.
c.        parallel to 40 mm in front of V.P. and in the H.P

18. (a) The line EF 60 mm long is in VP and inclined to HP. The top view measures 45 mm. The end E is 15 mm above HP. Draw the projections of the line. Find its inclination with HP.
(b) A line GH 45 mm long is in HP and inclined to VP. The end G is 15 mm in front of VP. The length of the front view is 35 mm. Draw the projections of the line. Determine its inclination with VP.

19. A room measures 8m long, 5m wide and 4m high. An electric bulb hangs in the centre of the ceiling and 1m below it. A thin straight wire connects the bulb to a switch kept in one of corner of the room and 1.25m above the floor. Draw the projections of the wire, also determine its true length and slope with the floor.

20. A line AB, 90 mm long, is inclined at 450 to the HP and its top view makes an angle of 600 with the VP. The end A is in the HP and 12 mm in front of the VP. Draw its front view and find its true inclination with the VP.

21. (a) A line AB is 75 mm long. A is 50 mm in front of VP and 15 mm above HP. B is 15 mm in front of VP and is above HP. Top View of AB is 50mm long. Draw and measure the front view. Find the true inclinations.
(b) A line measuring 80 mm long has one of its ends 60 mm above HP and 20 mm in front of VP. The other end is 15 mm above HP and in front of VP. The front view of the line is 60 mm long. Draw the top view.

22. (a) A line AB 40 mm long is parallel to VP and inclined at 350 to HP. The end A is 15 mm above HP and 20 mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of the line and find its traces.
(b) A line MN 50 mm long is parallel to VP and inclined at 450 to HP. The end M is 20 mm above HP and 15 mm in front of VP. Draw the projections of the line and finds its traces.

23. (a) The line EF 60 mm long is in VP and inclined to HP. The top view measures 45 mm. The end E is 15 mm above HP, Draw the projections of the line. Find its inclination with HP.
(b) A line GH 45 mm long is in HP and inclined to VP. The end G is 15 mm in front of VP. The length of the front view is 35 mm. Draw the projections of the line. Determine its inclination with VP.

24. A line AB of 70mm long, has its end A at 10mm above H.P. and 15mm in front of V.P. Its front view and top view measure 50mm and 60mm respectively. Draw the projections of the line and determine its inclinations with H.P. and V.P.

25. A line AB, 80 mm long, makes an angle of 300 with the V.P. and lies in a plane perpendicular to both the H.P. and the V.P. Its end A is in the H.P. and the end B is in the V.P. Draw its projections.

26. A 95 mm long line is parallel to and 50 mm above the H.P. Its two ends are 20 mm and 50 mm in front of the V.P. respectively. Draw its projections and find its inclination with the V.P.

27. A line PQ, 100mm long, is inclined at 450 to the H.P. and at 300 to the V.P. Its end P is in II quadrant and Q is in IV quadrant. A point R on PQ, 40mm from P is in both the planes. Draw the projections of PQ.

28. A line of 75mm long has one of its ends 50mm in front of V.P. and 15mm above H.P. The top view of the line is 50mm long. Draw and measure the front view. The other end is 15mm in front of V.P. and is above H.P.

29. A line CD 80mm long is inclined at an angle of 300 to H.P. and 450 to V.P. The point C is 20mm above H.P. and 30mm in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the straight line.

30. (a) A line CD 30 mm long is perpendicular to V.P. and parallel to H.P. Its end C is 5mm in front of V.P. and the line is 10mm above H.P. Draw the projections of the line.
(b) A line PQ 40mm long is parallel to V.P. and inclined at an angle of 300 to H.P. The end P is 15mm above H.P. and 20mm in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the line.

31. The projectors of the ends of a line AB are 5cm apart. The end A is 2cm above the H.P. and 3cm in front of the V.P. The end B is 1cm below the H.P. and 4cm behind the V.P. Draw the projections of AB and determine its inclinations with the H.P. and the V.P.

32. (a) A line PQ 75mm long has its end P in the V.P and the end Q in the H.P. The line is inclined at 300 to the H.P. and at 600 to the V.P. Draw its projections.
(b) Draw the projections of a 65mm long straight line, in the following positions:
a.        Parallel to both the H.P and the V.P and 25mm from each.
b.       Perpendicular to the H.P in the V.P and its one end in the H.P.

33. The top view of a line AB, 75mm long measures 50mm. The end A is 40mm in front of VP and 15mm below H.P. B is 15mm in front of V.P. and is above H.P. Draw the projections of the line and determine the distance of B from H.P. and also the inclinations of the line AB with both the planes.

34. A line AB, 65mm long, has its end A 20mm above the H.P. and 25mm in front of the V.P. The end B is 40mm above the H.P. and 65mm in front of the V.P. Draw the projections of AB and show its inclinations with the H.P. and the V.P. 

35. The top view of a 75mm long line AB measures 65mm, while the length of its front view is 50mm. Its one end A is in the H.P. and 12mm in front of the V.P. Draw the projections of AB and determine its inclinations with the H.P. and the V.P.

36. (a) The top view of a 75mm long line measures 55mm. The line is in the V.P., its one end being 25mm above the H.P. Draw its projections.
(b) Draw the projections of a 75mm long line, in the following positions:
a.        Parallel to and 30mm above the H.P and in the V.P.
b.       Inclined at 300 to the H.P and its one end 20mm above the H.P, parallel to and 25mm in front of the V.P.

37. A line AB, 65mm long, has its end A 20mm above the H.P. and 25mm in front of the V.P. The end B is 40mm above the H.P. and 65mm in front of the V.P. Draw the projections of AB and show its inclinations with the H.P. and the V.P.

Mid Point Problems:
38.A line AB 120 mm long is inclined at 450 to HP and 300 to the VP. Its midpoint C is in VP and 20 mm above HP. The end A is in III quadrant and B is in I quadrant. Draw the projections of the line.
39.Draw the projections of a line AB, 90mm long, its midpoint M being 50mm above the H.P. and 40mm in front of V.P. The end A is 20mm above H.P. and 10mm in front of V.P. Show the inclinations of the line with H.P. and V.P.
40. The midpoint of a straight line AB is 60mm above H.P. and 50mm in front of V.P. The line measures 80mm long and inclined at 300 to H.P. and 450 to V.P. Draw its projections.
41. A line of 100mm long makes an angle of 350 with H.P. and 450 with V.P. Its midpoint is 20mm above H.P. and 15mm in front of V.P. Draw the projections of the line.
42. The front view of a 125 mm long line PQ measures 80 mm and its top view measures 100 mm. Its end Q and the midpoint M are in I quadrant, M being 20 mm from both the planes. Draw the projections of the line PQ.

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